asymmetric firms, restructuring, and entry. We show how these welfare effects depend on the initial level of market development …, and restructuring and entry costs. The model generates an endogenous demand for infrastructure investment, and the … simulate the relative welfare effects of reducing transport, restructuring and entry costs, and we evaluate in each case the …

We propose a methodology for estimating the competition effects from entry when firms sell differentiated products. We … first derive precise conditions under which Bresnahan and Reiss' entry threshold ratios (ETRs) can be used to test for the … presence and to measure the magnitude of competition effects. We then show how to augment the traditional entry model with a …

effect on broadband penetration, compared to those areas where the loops are not unbundled. LLU entry instead has a strongly …

incentives for relatively low-cost firms to enter the market, and thus improves the efficiency of the entry process. The … among firms, the proportion of high-cost firms, the cost of restructuring, and entry costs for new firms. …

We study the effect of entry on costs and competition in the Portuguese mobile telephony industry. We construct and … optimistic beliefs about the industry growth. Finally, our results suggest that the entry of a third operator in 1998 led to …

entry. This finding suggests that foreign banks can help mitigate connected lending problems and improve capital allocation. …