, the internal effects of education are filtered out using wage functions for individuals. Second, the resulting industry …

reinforcing processes. Industrial agglomeration in one location spurs growth because it reduces the cost of innovation in that … origin of innovation expands, new firms tend to locate close to this sector. The model can be interpreted as illustrating one … mechanism behind the emergence of cities seen as centres for production and innovation, and is consistent with the episodes of …

emerge. First, minor differences in education technologies, preferences, or wealth, can lead to a high degree of … inequality in education and income more persistent across generations. Whether the same is true of inequality in total wealth … richer communities; thus average academic performance and income growth both fall. Yet it may still be possible for education …

and general education, with a superior social status attached to general. The resulting dynamic political equilibrium is … best summarized by the ratio of vocational to general education, which we interpret as a measure of the degree of … vocational education at the expense of general. …