: can we increase number of inventors? To answer this question, we study the causal effect of M.Sc. engineering education on …. We find a positive effect of engineering education on the propensity to patent, and a negative OLS bias. Our …

emerge. First, minor differences in education technologies, preferences, or wealth, can lead to a high degree of … inequality in education and income more persistent across generations. Whether the same is true of inequality in total wealth … richer communities; thus average academic performance and income growth both fall. Yet it may still be possible for education …

and general education, with a superior social status attached to general. The resulting dynamic political equilibrium is … best summarized by the ratio of vocational to general education, which we interpret as a measure of the degree of … vocational education at the expense of general. …

Patents are a useful but imperfect reward for innovation. In sectors like pharmaceuticals, where monopoly distortions … lower prices. Innovation prizes and other non-patent rewards are becoming more prevalent in government's innovation policy … therefore can generate the right innovation incentives. …