peaks’ in the cross-sectional distribution, not simple patterns of convergence or divergence. The theoretical problems …

EMU increases with convergence of structural and fiscal policies, small money holdings, a conservative European Central …

fiscal convergence criteria written into the Treaty of Maastricht and its Protocols. In order to qualify for full membership …

An extensive literature on the convergence of productivity between countries examines whether productivity is pulled … use the wide dispersion of productivity across firms to explore convergence to the national frontier. Given this within …

Price and output level convergence between new member states and the existing EU necessarily implies inflation and … nominal criteria are suspended, the policy instruments required to achieve euro convergence are in the hands of the individual …

convergence. Focusing on the late nineteenth century, a period both of globalization and convergence, it shows that trade had an … important force for convergence during this period, however. The analysis suggests that more attention should be paid to open … economy forces when discussing convergence. …

World War I. Some, like the three Scandinavian economies, used industrialization to achieve a spectacular convergence on the … leaders, especially in real wages and living standards. Some, like Ireland, achieved convergence without industrialization … globalization was by far the dominant force accounting for convergence (and divergence) around the periphery. Some exploited it well …

Convergence in per capita income across countries turns on whether technological knowledge spillovers are global or …

. There is convergence to natives in the occupational distribution, but not in wages. In the long run, the return for …

markets in Europe, and some people have argued that it has induced a convergence in industrial structures across countries … time period 1994 to 1998, we do not find strong evidence for ‘convergence’ in manufacturing in Europe. ‘Full’ convergence … some form of conditional convergence is observed. A Gibrat process best describes the growth of very large and mature firms …