Until the early decades of the 20th century, women spent more than 60% of their prime-age years either pregnant or … nursing. Since then, the introduction of infant formula reduced women's comparative advantage in infant care, by providing an … associated with women's reproductive role. We explore the hypothesis that these developments enabled married women to increase …

-Mao reforms in China to estimate the effects of total income and sex-specific income on sex ratios of surviving children. The … survival rates for girls. Moreover, increasing the mother's income increases educational attainment for all children, while …

We explore the impact of mentoring of females and gender segregation on wages using a large longitudinal data set for … Portugal. Female managers can protect and mentor female employees by paying them higher wages than male-led firms would do. We … find that females can enjoy higher wages in female-led firms, the opposite being true for males. In both cases is a higher …

This paper considers educational investment, wages and hours of market work in an imperfectly competitive labour market …

labor supply with respect to wages. Thus the increasing returns to education problem will be most relevant for women or … other types with large enough home productivity. We estimate a three equation recursive model of working hours, wages and …

We model educational investment, wages and employment status (full-time, part-time or non-participation) in a …

produced children is the same as among their parents. In such a society, cloning has disappeared. If the distribution of genes …

and women with similar noncognitive skills enter occupations at very different rates. Women, however, have lower wages on …This paper examines whether men's and women's noncognitive skills influence their occupational attainment and, if so …, whether this contributes to the disparity in their relative wages. We find that noncognitive skills have a substantial effect …