provided by the Furman and Gregg decisions and assess the relationship between execution and homicide rates in state panel data … since 1934. We then revisit the existing instrumental variables approaches and assess two recent state-specific execution … cannot be reliably disentangled from the large year-to-year changes in the homicide rate caused by other factors. As such …

strengthened deterrence and enhanced prosecution. Moreover, consistently with a novel prediction of our theory, the evidence …

corporate fines may not be able to induce deterrence. Managerial penalties are thus needed. If the policy may be changed … bankruptcies or under-deterrence as compared to the optimal policy. …

introduced in the National Firearms Agreement (NFA) post- 1996 did not affect firearm homicide rates, and may not have had an … substitution and for underlying trends in suicide or homicide rates are misleading. The high variability in the data and the …

The positive correlation between gun prevalence and homicide rates has been widely documented. But does this … endogeneity problems. When the problem is ignored, gun levels are associated with higher rates of gun homicide; when the problem … positive effect on homicide rates: ceteris paribus, more guns do not mean more crime. …

model that predicts decreasing penalty structures will yield greater deterrence than increasing penalty structures. We find … for any given decision, being in a decreasing fine structure has a significant effect on deterrence. …

We review current methods for calculating fines against cartels in the US and EU, and simulate their deterrence effects … deterrence effects before leniency programs were introduced. Previous simulations of the effects of fines ignore the different … type of deterrence that leniency programs bring about, and, therefore, grossly overstate the minimum fine likely to have …

deterrence) and guide the use to which innovation is put (marginal deterrence). We show that public intervention should become …

In this paper we test for the theory of deterrence. We exploit the natural experiment provided by the Collective … recommit a crime by 1.24 percent: this corroborates the general deterrence hypothesis. However, this effect depends on the time … the prison spell. This second result can be hardly reconciled with the specific deterrence hypothesis according to which a …