In this paper we explore the potential gains that a trade agreement (TA) can provide by regulating trade …-policy uncertainty, in addition to the more standard gains from reducing the mean levels of trade barriers. We show that in a standard … trade model with income-risk neutrality there tends to be an uncertainty-increasing motive for a TA. With income …

If South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa are to become constructively engaged in the next attempt by World Trade … Organization (WTO) members to liberalize trade multilaterally, they need to be convinced that there will be sufficient gains from … trade reform to warrant the inevitable costs of negotiation and adjustment. This Paper provides new estimates of the likely …

Natural resources account for 20% of world trade, and dominate the exports of many countries. Policy is used to …. The instruments used include export taxes, price controls, production quotas, and domestic producer and consumer taxes … (equivalent to trade taxes if no domestic production is possible). We review the literature, and argue that the policy equilibrium …

While environmental and labour issues are not new to the GATT, nor to other trade policy fora, they are likely to have … a more prominent role in trade policy discussions in the years ahead for the newly formed World Trade Organization (WTO …). Many developing countries perceive the entwining of these social issues with trade policy as a threat to both their …

institutions to affect growth. Institutions can directly affect growth, or it can impact on trade, which in turn affects growth …. Once we separately quantify the link from institutions to trade, and trade to growth, the independent effect of … institutions on growth is small. This suggests that part of what is often understood as trade's effect on growth can be attributed …

This Paper discusses the challenges confronting developing countries seeking to overcome discrimination in world trade …

policymakers and researchers on the interaction between trade policy, economic development and the GATT/WTO trading system, but … benefit from deeper trade integration. It discusses the policy agenda that confronts many developing countries and identifies … negotiations will support development. To achieve these targets a number of negotiating modalities are proposed for both goods and …

Given the sluggish progress in multilateral trade negotiations Southern and Eastern African negotiators are likely to … identify possible export opportunities for ACP countries and analyses the risks and benefits for these countries of giving …

For Africa, a regional customs union is unlikely to realise net welfare gains (in the sense of trade creation … dominating trade diversion) which cannot be attained through unilateral trade liberalization. Unilateral reform has often failed … in Africa, however. A regional customs union tied to Europe with reciprocal free trade is likely to dominate unilateral …