magnitude of episodes of mass killing and the levels of development and democracy across countries and over time. Mass killings … appear to be more likely at intermediate levels of income and less likely at very high levels of democracy. However, the … estimated relationship between democracy and probability of mass killings is not linear in the full sample. In the 20th century …

Does democracy promote economic development? We review recent attempts to addresses this question, which exploit the … within-country variation associated with historical transitions in and out of democracy. The answer is positive, but depends … each induce growth accelerations, but countries liberalizing their economy before extending political rights do better than …

education. Public education is favourable for growth because it increases the level of human capital and at the same time it …. The main results are that for a given structure of political rights, more inequality may be good for growth if it implies … more political support for education; increased political rights are good for growth and also imply a more equal income …

liberalizations correspond to the event of becoming a democracy. Using a difference-in-difference estimation, we ask what are the …

Protection of property rights, as well as the burden of fiscal redistribution, have long been viewed as growth related … analysis – which, we argue, is consistent with existing evidence - reveals that the net effect is likely to increase growth … between democracy and institutional quality. …

parametric estimates may have seriously underestimated the growth effects of democracy. In particular, we find an average … negative effect on growth of leaving democracy on the order of -2 percentage points implying effects on income per capita as …We estimate the effect of political regime transitions on growth with semi-parametric methods, combining difference in …

capita income causes the creation and the consolidation of democracy. We argue that existing studies find support for this … affect both the level of income per capita and the likelihood of democracy in a country, and failing to control for these … factors may introduce a spurious relationship between income and democracy. We show that controlling for these historical …

causes democracy. Existing studies establish a strong cross-country correlation between income and democracy, but do not … country fixed effects removes the statistical association between income per capita and various measures of democracy. We also … on democracy. Furthermore, we reconcile the positive cross-country correlation between income and democracy with the …