economic transition. The big bang approach emphasizes the importance of windows of opportunity when ex ante political … reforms so as to build, at each stage of transition, constituencies for further reform. …

the transition. The Czech Republic and Hungary have had some success moving into the production and export of more …

process of transition of the state-owned enterprise sector. A set of theoretical tools is assembled which permits the analysis …

and nature of poverty across the transition countries, emphasising the phenomenon of the working-age poor. We consider … Europe and the former Soviet Union considerable scope to devote increased resources to tackling poverty. We review the extent … unemployment benefit schemes in the CIS would aid labour market reform and hence help solve the problem there of in-work poverty …

redistributions enables the beneficiaries to educate their children and thus to escape from poverty and to overcome child labour. We … inequality among the poor is unavoidable. Finally, a successful land reform allows for the transition of a society from an … agriculture-based state of poverty to a human capital-based developed economy. …

reduce some forms of poverty and inequality but worsen others, so the net effects are unclear without empirical modeling … the remaining distortions to world merchandise trade on poverty and inequality globally and in various developing … for a sample of 15 countries, and ten stand-alone national case studies, all point to larger reductions in poverty …

The Paper analyses (i) if globalization is undemocratic, (ii) if NGOs can fill a gap in representation and … democracy and globalization. A major part deals with the question of whether globalization enhances democracy. The answer is … important since democracy is, on the whole, for specified reasons likely to enhance poverty reduction. …