Ukraine face higher effective tax rates, worse official corruption, greater incidence of mafia protection, and have less faith … in the court system. Our firm-level regressions for the three Eastern European countries find that official corruption is …

corruption the preferred one in poor countries. Analyses of their joint effects are understandably rare. This paper provides a … theoretical framework that focus on the relationship between lobbying and corruption (that is, it investigates under what … conditions they are complements or substitutes). The paper also offers novel econometric evidence on lobbying, corruption and …

Although the theoretical literature often uses lobbying and corruption synonymously, the empirical literature … associates lobbying with the preferred mean for exerting influence in developed countries and corruption with the preferred one … suggest that (a) lobbying and corruption are fundamentally different, (b) political institutions play a major role in …