model that predicts decreasing penalty structures will yield greater deterrence than increasing penalty structures. We find … for any given decision, being in a decreasing fine structure has a significant effect on deterrence. …

crime rates. In particular, the relationship between the traditional instruments of deterrence, namely intensification of …

We review current methods for calculating fines against cartels in the US and EU, and simulate their deterrence effects … deterrence effects before leniency programs were introduced. Previous simulations of the effects of fines ignore the different … type of deterrence that leniency programs bring about, and, therefore, grossly overstate the minimum fine likely to have …

deterrence) and guide the use to which innovation is put (marginal deterrence). We show that public intervention should become …

In this paper we test for the theory of deterrence. We exploit the natural experiment provided by the Collective … recommit a crime by 1.24 percent: this corroborates the general deterrence hypothesis. However, this effect depends on the time … the prison spell. This second result can be hardly reconciled with the specific deterrence hypothesis according to which a …

distributed asymmetrically among firms. Asymmetry of the evidence can increase the cost of deterrence if the high-evidence firm …; this may increase the cost of deterrence. …

Deterrence of illegal activities is frequently carried out by many atomistic auditors (tax auditors, law enforcement … positive question. It proposes a game-theoretic model of decentralized deterrence and an empirical test, based on the …