corn, soybeans, wheat and rice received by U.S. farmers have been more substantial and can be linked in part to increases … evidence that corn ethanol mandates have created a tight link between oil and agricultural markets. Rather increases in food …

both create and share the risk associated with exchange rate volatility. In such circumstances, monetary policy can be used … of noise traders alters the composition of the market and generates excess exchange rate volatility, since noise traders … to lower exchange rate volatility without altering macroeconomic fundamentals. …

to farmer investment is uninsured risk: when provided with insurance against the primary catastrophic risk they face … basis risk associated with the index insurance, and with imperfect trust that promised payouts will be delivered. …

, we find that carry predicts returns both in the cross section and time series for a variety of different asset classes … generalized version of the uncovered interest rate parity and expectations hypothesis in favor of models with varying risk premia …. Our global carry factor across markets delivers strong average returns and, while it is exposed to recession, liquidity …

impose an exchange rate model, our analysis is based on either the risk-neutral PDF or arbitrage-based tests of target zones …

includes duration functions to measure the time dependence of volatility as well as information asymmetry. In order to assess … results include that volatility does not increase with the duration between quote updates, and that longer quote durations …

futures contracts. Their hedging demand is met by financial intermediaries who act as speculators, but are constrained in risk …-taking. Increases (decreases) in producers’ hedging demand (the risk-bearing capacity of speculators) increase the costs of hedging … 1980-2006, we show that producers’ hedging demand - proxied by their default risk - forecasts spot prices, futures prices …