leads to significantly larger agricultural investment and riskier production choices in agriculture. The salient constraint … to farmer investment is uninsured risk: when provided with insurance against the primary catastrophic risk they face … basis risk associated with the index insurance, and with imperfect trust that promised payouts will be delivered. …

reconcile the conflicting primal and dual estimates of productivity growth over the period. …

We develop a theory of interstate conflict in which the degree of genealogical relatedness between populations has a … positive effect on their conflict propensities because more closely related populations, on average, tend to interact more and … that affect conflict, including measures of trade and democracy. …

Conventional wisdom in economic history suggests that conflict between countries can be enormously disruptive of … global economic welfare. A rough accounting indicates that such costs might be of the same order of magnitude as the "direct …" costs of war, such as lost human capital, as illustrated by case studies of World War I and World War II. …

to what has frequently been argued, we show that multi-divisional organizations may involve lower influence costs than … single-tier organizations, even though they offer more scope for organizational conflict and have more executives that can be … influenced. These benefits derive from two effects. First, part of the conflict in multi-divisional organizations takes place on …

group is dominant. We provide a test of a key aspect of our model using data from La Violencia, a political conflict in …