This paper analyzes empirically the relationship between civil wars and international trade. We first show that trade … presence of two effects that trade can have on the risk of civil conflicts: it may act as a deterrent if trade gains are put at … risk during civil wars but it may also act as an insurance if international trade provides a substitute to internal trade …

From marginal relevance, the trade and business relations between Australia and Latin America have grown during the … partners in Latin America (Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Mexico) experienced the impact of processes of trade liberalisation …

The debate on trade and growth increasingly focuses on the composition of exports. Exports of more "sophisticated … many countries. This study presents evidence suggesting that attracting inflows of FDI offers potential for upgrading a … sectors treated by investment promotion agencies as priority in their efforts to attract FDI. The sample covers 116 countries …

-border trade and FDI in the service sectors. We first develop a consistent analytical framework for the application of the gravity … model jointly to services trade and commercial presence (i.e. FDI), using a composite model of delivery that offers testable … policy variables measuring market regulations that may act directly or implicitly as barriers to trade. We find robust …

reduce the relative prevalence of FDI or foreign outsourcing. The impact on the composition of offshoring depends on whether …

equity investment (FPEI), and foreign direct investment (FDI). The paper emphasizes the efficiency of non-uniform tax …

Foreign direct investment (FDI) is observed to be a predominant form of capital flows to low- and middle … stakeholders. We emphasize the crucial role played by FDI in sustaining equity-financed capital investment for economies plagued by …

that affect conflict, including measures of trade and democracy. …