: a retirement account (covering pensions), an unemployment account (covering unemployment support), a human capital … reducing unemployment, encouraging labour force participation, promoting skills, reducing governments’ budgetary pressures …

The analysis provides a new explanation for two widespread problems concerning European unemployment policy: the … disappointingly small effect of many past reform measures on unemployment; and the political difficulties in implementing more … implement broad-based reform strategies. Our analysis suggests that major unemployment policies are characterized by economic …

unemployment may be constrained Pareto-efficient. Consequently, no reform is accepted unanimously by voters. We show that this … low rates of unemployment can be removed in the political process while high rates of unemployment tend to be politically …

The development of the unemployment rate differs substantially between OECD countries. In recent years some countries … have experienced a mild increase, other countries have had a stable unemployment rate, while there are also ‘successful …’ countries in which the unemployment rate has decreased a lot. A common feature of the successful countries is that they …