Short-time work was the 'German answer' to the economic crisis. The number of short-time workers strongly increased in … the recession and peaked at more than 1.5 million. Without the extensive use of short-time work, unemployment would have … risen by approximately twice as much as it actually did. Short-time work has certainly contributed to the mild response of …

Short-time work compensation aims at reducing lay-offs by allowing employers to temporarily reduce hours worked while … unemployment during downturns. All in all, it seems that short-time work programs used in the recent downturn had significant …

proportion of the workforce is unskilled, firms have little incentive to provide good jobs (requiring high skills and providing … high wages), and if few good jobs are available, workers have little incentive to acquire skills. In this context, the …

insurance. Agents are heterogeneous along two dimensions: employment status – insiders and outsiders – and skills – low and high …. Unlike previous work on EPL, we model employment protection as an institution redistributing among insiders, notably in …

two dimensions: employment status — there are insiders and outsiders — and skills — low and high skills. We show that if …