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causes democracy. Existing studies establish a strong cross-country correlation between income and democracy, but do not … country fixed effects removes the statistical association between income per capita and various measures of democracy. We also … on democracy. Furthermore, we reconcile the positive cross-country correlation between income and democracy with the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005666490
parametric estimates may have seriously underestimated the growth effects of democracy. In particular, we find an average … negative effect on growth of leaving democracy on the order of -2 percentage points implying effects on income per capita as …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005124474
capita income causes the creation and the consolidation of democracy. We argue that existing studies find support for this … affect both the level of income per capita and the likelihood of democracy in a country, and failing to control for these … factors may introduce a spurious relationship between income and democracy. We show that controlling for these historical …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005661513
Over the last two centuries, many countries experienced regime transitions toward democracy. We document this … democratic transition over a long time horizon. We use historical time series of income, education and democracy levels from 1870 … to 2000 to explore the economic factors associated with rising levels of democracy. We find that primary schooling, and …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009320398
there exists a distribution of resources such that democracy emerges in equilibrium, but there are distributions of … resources for which democracy is infeasible in equilibrium irrespective of the level of development. The model also delivers … results on the stability of democracy with regard to changes in the economic and demographic environment. The results are …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009493564
Democratic processes may not take the welfare of future generations sufficiently into account and thus may not achieve sustainability. We show that the dual democratic mechanism – rejection/support rewards (RSRs) for politicians and elections – can achieve sustainability. RSRs stipulate that...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005662383
between democracy and institutional quality. …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005666439
Regimes controlled by a rich elite often collapse and make way for democracy amidst widespread social unrest. Such … therefore be forced to choose between repression and the most generous concession, a transition to full democracy. …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005666486
level. The evidence supports "development" theories of democracy and growth that highlight the positive impact of … representative institutions on economic activity. They also favour Friedrich Hayek (1960)’s idea that the merits of democracy appear …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005666992
magnitude of episodes of mass killing and the levels of development and democracy across countries and over time. Mass killings … appear to be more likely at intermediate levels of income and less likely at very high levels of democracy. However, the … estimated relationship between democracy and probability of mass killings is not linear in the full sample. In the 20th century …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005789009