lag structures. In so doing we use optimal control theory with delays, and we propose a shooting method to deal with leads …

time. Otherwise, it will gradually reduce its innovation effort over time and ultimately terminate production. Productivity …

We measure the extent to which skilled immigrants increase innovation in the United States by exploring individual …

that venture capital investments stimulate innovation ('VC-first hypothesis'). This interpretation is, however, one …-sided because there may be a reverse causality that innovations induce venture capital investments ('innovation-first hypothesis … causality issue of venture capital investments and innovation in the US manufacturing industry using both total factor …

measure of innovation alternative to patent count. Unlike the impact on patent count, we do not find that VC investment …

-country dynamic Ricardian model with endogenous innovation and hold-up problems, the value chain consists of two activities …, innovation and production. Entry in the market happens through R&D and entrants face two decisions. The 'location decision … perform innovation and production within the same vertically integrated structure or not. In this framework, the quality of …