Social Security programmes around the world link public pensions to retirement: people do not lose their pensions if … consistent with it. The main idea is that pensions are a means to induce retirement, that is, to buy the elderly out of the …

-as-you-go mechanism for public retirement pensions, when adopted in a dualistic economic system, penalises the most dynamic demographic … of increase in real wages and employment are usually higher in the developing sub-sectors of an economic system, we argue … show that the Italian case study, which compares the contributions/retirement pensions ratio of the poorer but more rapidly …

for employment protection, provided it is uniform across workers and not specifically higher for older workers. It …

state pensions. The analysis suggests that, while the slowdown in European population growth raises some potential problems …

divorced women is growing, but their pension prospects are poor. The paper outlines current British arrangements for pensions …