The EU emissions trading scheme (EU-ETS) introduced in 2005 is the only mandatory cap-and-trade system operating in the world today. Lessons could be taken from the EU stance which allows for flexibility in rules and realises emission reductions with firm commitments by stakeholders.This CEPS...

The low-carbon transition, for example in line with the European Commission’s proposed Long-Term Strategy1 net-zero2 target by 2050 or the Commission President-elect ‘climate neutrality’ objective, will require a very large increase in electricity, especially for low-carbon solutions in...