While energy security has gradually been incorporated into the EU's foreign policy calculus, the declared approach of … extending a nexus of 'market-governance' energy norms has been realized only to a limited extent. The EU has eschewed a … and geopolitical approaches. The EU needs more effectively to address the way that governance structures in producer …

The EU has increasingly committed itself to fusing security and development. Developmental approaches to security are … routinely seen as integral to the EU's distinctive foreign policy identity. This paper finds, however, that much work remains to … be done to implement this commitment. Few in the EU would doubt that development and security go hand in hand, but …