We employ a combination of school fixed effects and IV estimation to estimate the effect of class size on student performance in 18 countries. Using the random part of the class-size variation between two adjacent grades within individual schools allows us to identify causal class-size effects....

Contents -- CESifo Book Series Foreword -- Preface -- 1 Introduction -- 2 A Structure for Understanding Growth -- 3 Knowledge Capital and Growth -- 4 Causation -- 5 Developing Countries -- 6 Developed Countries -- 7 The Economic Value of Educational Reform -- 8 Policies to Improve Knowledge...