Trade and innovation cause structural change. Productive factors must flow from declining to growing industries. Banks … advantage and trade, and can magnify the gains from trade liberalization. The analysis shows how insolvency laws, minimum … capital standards, and cost of bank equity determine credit reallocation, sectoral expansion and trade patterns. …

This paper explores official trade data to identify patterns of smuggling in international trade. Our main measure of … interest is the difference in matched partner trade statistics, i.e., the extent to which the recorded export value in the … with the level of corruption in both partner countries. This finding supports the hypothesis that trade gaps partly …

recycling firms to compensate for the savings in disposal costs. We study trade between resource poor economies exporting final … goods, and resource rich countries exporting raw materials. We find rich welfare effects of trade policy with non …-trivial interactions between terms of trade effects and distortions in recycling and resource extraction. …

itself) to a sizable and statistically significant increase in trade between the member countries of EMU. In this paper, we … put the trade effect of the euro in historical perspective. We argue that the creation of the EMU was a continuation (or … strong evidence of a gradual increase in trade intensity between European countries. Once we control for this trend in trade …

bilateral trade flows between more than 200 countries over the period from 1960 to 1993. Applying an augmented gravity … actions reduce the volume of trade; a doubling in the number of terrorist incidents is associated with a decrease in bilateral … trade by about 4 percent. …