This paper explores official trade data to identify patterns of smuggling in international trade. Our main measure of … interest is the difference in matched partner trade statistics, i.e., the extent to which the recorded export value in the … with the level of corruption in both partner countries. This finding supports the hypothesis that trade gaps partly …

bilateral trade flows between more than 200 countries over the period from 1960 to 1993. Applying an augmented gravity … actions reduce the volume of trade; a doubling in the number of terrorist incidents is associated with a decrease in bilateral … trade by about 4 percent. …