the pollution variation among municipalities within the same province, the per capita income level of municipalities …

monitoring ambient pollution is low enough, the optimal inspection policy consists in imposing the maximal possible fine, and … mixing between observing ambient pollution and not conducting any inspection at all. However, with stringent upper limits on … the fine, the agency mixes between observing ambient pollution and inspecting all firms. The observation of ambient …

Although based on theoretical foundations, the pollution haven hypothesis has never been clearly proven empirically. In … part of the Commonwealth of Independent States countries. Finally, we show that the pollution haven hypothesis is confirmed … in the strongest manner for emerging economies. -- FDI ;Environmental Regulation ; Economic Geography ; Pollution Haven …

rich countries with heterogeneous energy policy. -- Trade and the Environment ; Pollution Haven ; Factor Endowments …