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Policy makers use reference pricing to curb pharmaceutical expenditures by reducing coverage of expensive branded drugs. In a theoretical analysis we show that the net effect of reference pricing is generally ambiguous when accounting for entry by generic producers. Reference pricing shifts...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014080046
commercial (buildings) sector in an ambitious country, Austria …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013217087
prices appears to be less pronounced and amounts to 6.6% lower prices. Austria’s fuel price regulation seems to have been … whether they indeed help lower the overall fuel price level is unclear. In this paper, we study the effect of Austria’s Fuel … estimate Austria’s price trends in absence of the intervention. Our empirical results suggest, that immediately after the Fuel …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013250741
This chapter discusses the basis for and concepts of implementing performance based measures in financial regulation …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012844417
The roam-like-at-home regulation (RLAH) eliminated all mobile roaming surcharges to Eu-ropean consumers travelling … within the European Economic Area (EEA). We measure the causal impact of the regulation on EEA roaming traffic, using the … revenues. To evaluate the welfare effects of the regulation, we develop a framework that includes consumer surplus, retail and …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013211736
assess the effectiveness and efficiency of these standards, which are the centerpiece of US Clean Air Act regulation of …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10014240477
Macroeconomic adjustment in the euro area periphery was more recessionary than pre-crisis imbalances would have warranted. To make this claim, this paper uses a Propensity Score Matching Model to produce counterfactuals for the Eurozone crisis countries (Greece, Portugal, Ireland, Cyprus, Spain)...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012866042
We evaluate the 1968 H3N2 Flu pandemic’s economic cost in a cross-section of 52 countries. Using excess mortality rates as a proxy for the country-specific severity of the pandemic, we find that the average mortality rate (0.0062% per pandemic wave) was associated with declines in consumption...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013315008
-patent pharmaceuticals, replacing the existing price cap (PC) regulation. We estimate the effect of the reform using a product level panel … dataset, covering the drugs exposed to RP and a large number of drugs still under PC regulation in the time before and after … regulation in lowering drug prices, while the cross-price effect raises a concern about patent protection …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10013316907
We study the impact of regulation on competition between brand-names and generics and pharmaceutical expenditures using … a unique policy experiment in Norway, where reference pricing (RP) replaced price cap regulation in 2003 for a sub …-sample of off-patent products. First, we construct a vertical differentiation model to analyze the impact of regulation on …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010274913