innovation. We use machine learning tools to develop new data describing the aspects of medical and mechanical innovations that …

foster SME lending and attention has focused on improving the institutional environment, such that the financial system is … more willing to lend to SMEs. In this paper, we directly ask banks (the main providers of SME external finance) what … and retail sectors. They perceive the SME market as highly profitable, large, and with good prospects. Moreover, banks are …

Using Dutch data we empirically investigate how financing and innovation vary across firm characteristics. We find that … when firms face financial constraints, debt financing and innovation choices are not independent of firm characteristics …

reporting acute problems of access to external finance. Using firm-level replies to the SME survey on access to finance, we use …