We demonstrate that heat inhibits learning and that school air-conditioning mitigates this effect. Student fixed … heat being particularly damaging. Weekend and summer heat has little impact, suggesting heat directly disrupts learning … simple benefit-cost tests. Without air-conditioning, a 1°F hotter school year reduces that years learning by one percent. Hot …

We demonstrate that heat inhibits learning and that school air-conditioning mitigates this effect. Student fixed … heat being particularly damaging. Weekend and summer heat has little impact, suggesting heat directly disrupts learning … simple benefit-cost tests. Without air-conditioning, a 1°F hotter school year reduces that years learning by one percent. Hot …

We demonstrate that heat inhibits learning and that school air-conditioning may mitigate this effect. Student fixed … learning time. New nationwide, school-level measures of air-conditioning penetration suggest patterns consistent with such … infrastructure largely offsetting heat's effects. Without air-conditioning, a 1°F hotter school year reduces that year's learning by …