We revisit Western Europe's record with labor-productivity convergence, and tentatively extrapolate its implications … for the future path of Eastern Europe. The poorer Western European countries caught up with the richer ones through both … Eastern Europe the employment share of agriculture is typically quite large, and agriculture is particularly unproductive …

In the context of interwar Poland, we find that Jews tended to be more literate than non-Jews, but show that this …, and people in cities were more educated than people in villages regardless of their religion. The case of interwar Poland …

In the context of interwar Poland, we find that Jews tended to be more literate than non Jews, but show that this …, and people in cities were more educated than people in villages regardless of their religion. The case of interwar Poland …

economic growth in Poland over the period Q2, 1993 – Q2, 2003. …