Debates about affirmative action often revolve around fairness. Accordingly, we document substantial heterogeneity in … the fairness perception of various affirmative action policies. But do these differences translate into different … low productivity individuals is not perceived as fairer than an absence of affirmative action. Higher fairness perceptions …

inequality, such as differences in effort, luck, or opportunities. We study how fairness views and the extent of redistribution … outcome. Although third parties cannot verify cheating, we find that the mere suspicion of cheating changes fairness views of ….e., participants who never redistribute. Without cheating opportunities, libertarian fairness views dominate, while egalitarian views …