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Conventional pension systems suffer from a design defect which makes them financially unsustainable, and a source of inefficiency for the economy as a whole. The paper outlines a second-best policy which includes a public pension system made up of two parallel schemes, a Bismarckian one allowing...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010264592
The passage of Title IX, the 1972 Education Amendments to the Civil Rights Act, expanded high school athletic opportunities to include girls, revolutionizing mass sports participation in the United States. This paper analyzes high school athletic participation in the United States and how sports...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010264259
changes in labour productivity, are negatively associated with the return on capital. The main point of this paper is to show …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010265965
Previous empirical studies on the effect of age on productivity and wages find contradicting results. Some studies find … that if workers grow older there is an increasing gap between productivity and wages, i.e. wages increase with age while … productivity does not or does not increase at the same pace. However, other studies find no evidence of such an age related pay-productivity …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010276096
This paper studies theoretically and empirically why and how labor policies may reduce productivity and employment in …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010328760
We adopt a spatial econometric approach to estimate intra- and inter-industry productivity spillovers in total factor … productivity transmitted through input-output relations in a sample of 13 OECD countries and 15 manufacturing industries. Both R … spatial regressive error process. We find that knowledge spillovers occur both horizontally and vertically, whereas remainder …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010264277
We study the relation between the off-shoring of intermediates and services and productivity growth in the Italian … off-shoring") is beneficial for productivity growth, while the off-shoring of services is not. We also find that the way … productivity growth is there with our direct measures based on input-output data but disappears when either a broad measure or the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010264353
face a fall in output, mark-ups and profits, and the average productivity of survivors increases. These pro …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010266034
industry productivity. For this purpose we develop a reciprocal dumping model of international trade with heterogeneous firms … expected industry productivity. The central results of the paper regarding firm and industry level R&D spending differ …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010266051
, rapidly narrowed the productivity gap with advanced economies. In contrast, in countries of the Commonwealth of Independent … States, which embarked on reforms later and contented with less depth, the productivity gap remains substantial. While the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010273819