-market effects come about and to assess their policy relevance. The analytic strategy of this paper relies upon the stochastic real …

-of-return regulation is generally thought to result in overinvestment, while incentive regulation is believed to entail underinvestment …. Yet, previous empirical work has generally found that the introduction of incentive regulation has not systematically …-of-return regulation because investment decisions (what can be included in the rate base) are usually evaluated in a discretionary manner …

nondiscrimination regulation that forces the ISP to provide an equal quality upgrade to both CPs, however, can reduce the ISP …

Authorities often lack information for efficient regulation of the commons. This paper derives a criterion comparing … prices versus tradable quantities in terms of expected welfare, given uncertainty, optimal policy and endogenous cost … relative curvatures of the cost and benefit functions alone. Furthermore, optimal policy involves different production (or …

observed changes in policies, the paper finds that product market regulation has the largest overall single policy impact five … market regulation. The paper also shows that policy impacts can differ at different horizons. The overall long-term effects …

. More competition-friendly regulations, as measured by the OECDs’ Product Market Regulation (PMR) indicator improve economic … businesses boost the capital stock and the employment rate. No robust link between labour market regulation and MFP and capital … deepening could be established. But looser labour market regulation is found to go hand in hand with higher employment rates …