In addition to the humanitarian suffering and huge immediate economic costs, the war in Ukraine will have long … losses in long-run aggregate productivity operating through the human capital channel could be at about 7% if the war lasts …

of winning a war implies a very simple and intuitive objective of economic warfare: maximize one’s own less the opponent … in peace but, surprisingly, the price may be lower. The analysis shows when trade will altogether collapses in war and … climate-change mitigation) remains a prisoner's-dilemma game also in war, and cooperation may be impossible also under …

. Combining innovation data from world fairs and historical military data across Europe, we show that national military spending … is associated with national innovation towards war logistics such as food processing, but less towards war technology … such as guns. This pattern reflects differences in the historical markets for war supplies. European patent data of 1990 …

This study examines the effect of religiosity on terrorism by focusing on one of the five pillars of Islam: Ramadan … countries. We argue that this effect partly operates through a decrease in public support for terrorism, which in turn reduces …

We compare the realised impact of terrorism and disasters linked to natural hazards. Using fifty years of data from two … impactful than terrorism. The former had a larger realised impact in all regions in both gross and per-capita terms. The largest … cross-peril difference was in Asia, where natural hazard disasters took 324 million Lifeyears, while terrorism took ten …

globalization and import dependency as a short-term reaction to economic turbulences and geopolitical upheaval at the onset of war …