In addition to the humanitarian suffering and huge immediate economic costs, the war in Ukraine will have long … losses in long-run aggregate productivity operating through the human capital channel could be at about 7% if the war lasts …

of winning a war implies a very simple and intuitive objective of economic warfare: maximize one’s own less the opponent … in peace but, surprisingly, the price may be lower. The analysis shows when trade will altogether collapses in war and … climate-change mitigation) remains a prisoner's-dilemma game also in war, and cooperation may be impossible also under …

globalization and import dependency as a short-term reaction to economic turbulences and geopolitical upheaval at the onset of war …

is associated with national innovation towards war logistics such as food processing, but less towards war technology … such as guns. This pattern reflects differences in the historical markets for war supplies. European patent data of 1990 …

standalone effects. In this study, we focus on the case of the Iranian Revolution of 1979 and the subsequent Iran-Iraq war from … 1980 to 1988. We use the synthetic control method to study the effect of revolution and war on changes in income inequality … levels. Had there been no revolution and war in Iran, how would income inequality have developed? Utilizing the synthetic …