contribution to growth. Estimates of the long-run numeracy development of most countries in Asia, the Middle East, Africa, America … numeracy as measured by the age-heaping strategy for long-run economic growth. In a variety of specifications, numeracy … mattered quite strongly for growth patterns around the globe. …

This paper examines the causality relationship between immigration, unemployment and economic growth of the host … (France, Iceland, Norway and the United Kingdom), growth positively causes immigration, whereas in any country, immigration … does not cause growth. …

In the first part of the paper we look at economic growth in Africa over the past three decades. We divide the past …. Although the improved growth performance has helped to improve human development and reduce poverty, poverty levels remain high … in many countries and more needs to be done to make growth more inclusive .In the second part we estimate the trend …

We build and estimate a structural dynamic general equilibrium model of growth and trade. Trade affects growth through …, growth affects trade, directly through changes in country size and indirectly through altering the incidence of trade costs …. Theory translates into an intuitive econometric system that identifies the causal impact of trade on income and growth, and …

We construct a tractable general equilibrium model of cumulative innovation and growth, in which new ideas strictly …

We investigate the relationship between unemployment and growth in China. We find considerable differences in the …

Financial constraints are an important impediment to the growth of small businesses. We study theoretically and … decisions and growth of principals, in the context of franchising. We find that a 30 percent decrease in average … waiting time, and slows their growth by around 10 percent, leading to a 10 percent reduction in franchised chain employment. …

-1994. The interaction of this pre-existing network structure with patent growth in upstream technology fields has strong …