We incorporate the now standard knowledge-capital model of multinational firms in a new economic geography setting. The …

Larger cities typically give rise to two opposite effects: tougher competition among firms and higher production costs … market outcome to city size, land-use regulations, and commuting costs. For industries with low input shares of land, larger … firms charging higher prices. Softer land-use regulations and/or lower commuting costs reinforce pro-competitive effects …

Larger cities typically give rise to two opposite effects: tougher competition among firms and higher production costs … market outcome to city size, land-use regulations, and commuting costs. For industries with low input shares of land, larger … firms charging higher prices. Softer land-use regulations and/or lower commuting costs reinforce pro-competitive effects …

costs. Empirical evidence from confidential US Census data shows that firms with more advanced technology have both higher …

, consumers perceive an entrant's difference to existing products as less pronounced, so a consumer's virtual distance costs in … extract consumer rent. Lower physical trade costs of shipping make Bertrand price competition fiercer in differentiated … can therefore explain why FDI has become more frequent in recent periods in the presence of falling trade costs. Cross …