This paper examines the effect of trade integration and comparative advantage on one of a country’s institutions, which …

This is Part 2 of a two-part paper which surveys the historical evidence on the role of institutions in economic growth … that private-order institutions have not historically substituted for public-order ones in enabling markets to function …, clarify the growth effects of other institutions, including contract-enforcement mechanisms, guilds, communities, serfdom, and …

This is Part 1 of a two-part paper which surveys the historical evidence on the role of institutions in economic growth … that private-order institutions have not historically substituted for public-order ones in enabling markets to function …, clarify the growth effects of other institutions, including contract-enforcement mechanisms, guilds, communities, serfdom, and …

What factors affect the diffusion of new economic institutions? This paper examines this question exploiting the … that are more effective at preventing outsider’s entry and at mitigating price competition lead to less patenting. We test … restrict entry and price competition. We show that guilds which originated from medieval religious confraternities were more …

, private competition, and tracking have been found to be important sources of international differences in student achievement. …

regulation on the probability of a crisis. We test this relationship by applying a Probit model of a non-linear specification to …: it rises as regulation stringency moves from low to medium levels and falls from medium to high levels. Countries located …

. More competition-friendly regulations, as measured by the OECDs’ Product Market Regulation (PMR) indicator improve economic … non-OECD countries. The findings suggest that the quality of institutions matters to a large extent for economic outcomes … businesses boost the capital stock and the employment rate. No robust link between labour market regulation and MFP and capital …

We consider the regulation of national firms in a common market. Regulators can influence the production of national … that supranational competition can have very different consequences on the rent seeking behaviour of firms, depending on …

factors they perceive as drivers and obstacles to financing SMEs. We also study to what degree competition and the …' environments regarding rules, regulations, institutions, and ease of doing business, SMEs have become a strategic segment for most … banks in both countries. In particular, banks have begun to target SMEs due to the significant competition in the corporate …