Economists have long suspected that firm-to-firm relationships might increase price rigidity due to the use of explicit … older versus newly formed relationships. Based on additional stylized facts about a relationship’s life cycle and interviews … the average length of relationships in the economy - e.g., in a recession, when the share of young relationships declines …

older relationships, the payment choice is, therefore, only determined by the financing cost advantage of trade credit, and … all relationships rely on trade credit in the long run. The paper thereby suggests a new benefit of long-term trade … relationships: the ability to save on financing costs through the use of trade credit. …

This paper finds a link between the sharp drop in U.S. manufacturing employment beginning in 2001 and a change in U … declines the most experience more severe employment losses along with larger increases in the value of imports from China and … employment loss, and we show that the U.S. employment trends differ from those in the EU, where there was no change in policy. …

transfer pricing by the host country affect investment and employment of foreign subsidiaries. The results indicate that …

Western Europe, but by lower employment rates in Eastern and Southern Europe. …

difference-in-differences model that compares employment rates across education type and age. An initial employment advantage of …

moments of the distributions of earnings, employment and wage shocks across individuals. Our main finding is that …

implications for employment and income of welfare schemes often advocated as less distortionary. We show that reducing unemployment … benefits in favour of income subsidies (social benefits) reduces employment in general equilibrium and also the income of low … deterioration. To support employment, we suggest that systems grounded in contribution-based unemployment insurance schemes are to …

effects on physical capital, employment and productivity through a production function. On the basis of reforms defined as … impacts. By contrast, the long-term impact of policies coming only via the employment rate channel materialises at shorter …