Medical experts have argued forcefully that using cigarettes harms health, prompting the adoption of myriad anti-smoking … policies. The association between smoking and mortality may, however, be driven by unobserved factors, making it difficult to … a teenager, which are arguably exogenous, on adult smoking participation and mortality. A one-dollar increase in teenage …

This paper considers the problem of identification, estimation and inference in the case of spatial panel data models … errors. A quasi maximum likelihood (QML) estimation procedure is developed and the conditions for identification of spatial …