unexplored. We draw on both longitudinal and pseudo-panel data from Russia to explore how labor market hardships relate to … insecurity, experiences with wage arrears, and spells of unemployment all increase the attractiveness of work in the public …

This paper examines the measurement of social welfare, poverty and inequality taking into account reference … differences between standard poverty and inequality measures based on observed income and measures that are calculated based on … equivalent income. These differences are illustrated using household-level panel data from Russia and Vietnam. …

ominous messages for using equitable growth in fighting poverty. Rapid growing developing economies need to adopt appropriate …

Poverty-reducing policies ought to prioritize the "deserving" poor, that is, those who do all that can be reasonably … of poverty indices that address these issues. Formally, poverty is measured by the sum of specific indices of individual … are unwilling to accept a job that brings them out of poverty …

report substantial poverty reductions from state and federal EZs, as well as improvements in other labor market outcomes. In … poverty. More generally, we find that both state and federal EZs appear to be endogenously selected based on prior changes in … poverty and other labor market outcomes. Once we account for this selection, much of the evidence that state and federal EZs …