Africa’s interior-to-coast roads are well suited to export natural resources, but not to support regional trade. Are … networks expanded in a less interior-to-coast way in periods of democracy. This result suggests that Africa’s interior …

averse, food exporters may use trade policy to shield the domestic economy from large price shocks. This creates a … activism. We test this theory with a new dataset that comprises monthly information on trade measures across 125 countries and ….e. the share of international trade covered by export restrictions) are positively correlated with the probability of …

threat of revolution. Initially, a ruling elite may be able to use trade policy to maintain political stability. But a world … of national income per capita and democracy may not be positively correlated. The model is also useful for understanding …

equilibrium effects of GATT/WTO membership on trade and welfare. Using an extensive database covering manufacturing trade for 186 … countries over the period 1980-2016, we find that the average impact of GATT/WTO membership on trade among member counties is … for non-member countries. We show that countries not experiencing positive trade effects from joining GATT/WTO can still …

implications of membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO). Em-ploying robust difference-in-difference specifications as well … as semi-parametric methods, we find that countries joining the WTO experience a decline in revenues from import duties … taxes. Although triggered by WTO accession, the shift towards consumption taxes, in particular to VAT, typically takes place …

policy. The setting is that of a small open economy in which incomes depend importantly on trade in dirty goods, where income … interacts with the pollution costs and income benefits of trade in dirty goods to further polarize interests concerning both … environmental stringency and the regulation of trade openness. In this context, we show how the eco-friendliness ranking of …

Natural resources account for 20% of world trade, and dominate the exports of many countries. Policy is used to … manipulate both international and domestic prices of resources, yet this policy is largely outside the disciplines of the WTO … (equivalent to trade taxes if no domestic production is possible). We review the literature, and argue that the policy equilibrium …

and democracy. In his comment on my study, Hanusch indicates that he believes I was using the POLITY IV index. He has not …

Africa’s interior-to-coast roads are well suited to export natural resources, but not to support regional trade. Are … networks expanded in a less interior-to-coast way in periods of democracy. This result suggests that Africa’s interior …