(over-)reliance on religious legitimacy, use of slave soldiers, and persistence of restrictive proscriptions of religious … (Islamic) law. These theories take as exogenous the cultural values that complement the prevailing institutions. As a result … institutional environment. In this paper, we address these issues by modeling the joint evolution of institutions and culture. In …

national parliament cannot, without undermining its own legitimacy, allow the results of a constitutional referendum to be …

We compile data for 186 countries (1919 - 2016) and apply different aggregation methods to create new democracy indices … produces upward-biased OLS and 2SLS estimates. The results of an analysis of the effect of democracy on economic growth show …

all. Our empirical evidence does, however, support not only the “primacy of institutions” view, but also the important …

of national income per capita and democracy may not be positively correlated. The model is also useful for understanding …

democracy (186 countries, 1960-2014). The method takes its name from a machine learning technique for pattern recognition and … creates continuous and dichotomous indices. We use the SVM indices to investigate the effect of democratic institutions on … results are affected by conceptual and methodological changes in the measure of democracy. In particular, we show that …

Does democracy promote economic development? This paper reviews recent attempts to address this question that exploited … explain why presidential democracy leads to faster growth than parliamentary democracy. Third, it is important to distinguish … growth effect of democracy. …