Why do cities differ so much in productivity? We document that most of the measured dispersion in productivity across … US cities is spurious and reflects granularity bias: idiosyncratic heterogeneity in plant-level productivity and size …

quantity of education. The new measure has a strong link to productivity with the potential for productivity gains being much … education policy (pre-primary education) on human capital and productivity to demonstrate the usefulness of the new measure for …

This paper assesses the relationship between institutions, output, and productivity, when official output is corrected … output and total factor productivity, and its negative impact on the size of the underground economy. However, once output is … total ("corrected") factor productivity even becomes insignificant. Differences in corrected output must then be attributed …

measure agency for 209 women in Haryana, India, first, through a semi-structured interview and, second, through a large set of … close-ended questions. We use qualitative coding methods to score each woman’s agency based on the interview, which we treat … resulting five-question index is as strongly correlated with the coded qualitative interview as is an index that uses all of the …