We argue that risk sharing motivates the bank-wide structure of bonus pay. In the presence of financial frictions that … make external financing costly, the optimal contract between shareholders and employees involves some degree of risk … to rationalize with incentive theories of bonus pay - but support an important risk sharing motive. In particular …

that anticipate the actual tax base incorrectly. I analyze the effects of stochastic taxation on investment behavior in a … the effects of both tax base and tax rate uncertainty, the investment's tax payment is modelled as a stochastic process …. Increased tax uncertainty has an ambiguous impact on investment timing. The view that tax uncertainty depresses real investment …

first-order approximated solution built by perturbation methods accounts for risk. We show that risk matters economically in … a real business cycle (RBC) model with habit formation and capital adjustment costs and that neglecting risk leads to …

of savings, precautionary savings, loss aversion, and risk. We provide the relevant theory, followed by empirical tests …. We term this as the loss aversion-hedging motive …

choose their portfolio risk, bank size, and capital holdings. Banks voluntarily hold equity when the buffer effect against … the risk of default outweighs the cost advantages of debt financing. In the optimum, banks with lower monitoring costs are … to make higher-risk portfolios more attractive. Accounting for banks’ interior capital choices can thus explain why …

This study examines the effect of smallholder farmers' access to a formal climate risk transfer mechanism on their risk …. Results from the ESP model show that farmers who purchased WICI are less likely to be risk-averse compared with non …-purchaser farmers. Similarly, non-purchasers would have attained a significant reduction in their risk-aversion if they had taken up the …

, since retrading allows partial insurance of idiosyncratic risk in an incomplete markets setting. This lowers the issuers … idiosyncratic risk rises during recessions, so does the value of the service flows bestowing the safe asset with a negative ß. This …

assumption of (intertemporal) risk neutrality reduces the growth effect in social discounting and significantly amplifies the … importance of risk and correlation. Second, debate and models largely overlook the difference in attitude with respect to risk … and with respect to non-risk uncertainty. The paper derives the resulting changes of the risk-free and the stochastic …

. This correlation exposes managers to risk and hence gives them an incentive to hedge against the poor performance of their … using financial markets and shareholders cannot perfectly monitor the manager's portfolio in order to keep him from hedging … the risk in his compensation. In particular, shareholders can monitor the manager's portfolio stochastically, and since …

data suggests a dominant role for horizontal investment. We conclude with a discussion of the challenge that intangibles …