Two countries set their enforcement non-cooperatively to deter native and foreign individuals from committing crime in … their territory. Crime is mobile, ex ante (migration) and ex post (fleeing), and criminals hiding abroad after having com …- mitted a crime in a country must be extradited back. When extradition is not too costly, countries overinvest in enforcement …

period during a volatile, at-risk time. In the longer run, we estimate a sizeable deterrence effect. Substantiating this …, arrest increases the probability an offender is charged with a crime. Our findings argue against recent calls for a …

Empirical evidence reveals that unemployment tends to increase property crime but that it has no effect on violent … crime. To explain these facts, we examine a model of criminal gangs and suggest that there is a substitution effect between … property crime and violent crime at work. In the model, non-monetary valuation of gang membership is private knowledge. Thus …

carry laws attenuate the temperature-homicide relationship. Additional results suggest that restrictions primarily decrease …

support the deterrence hypothesis. Moreover, we also point to some puzzles which have not been satisfactorily solved so far …