from the 2002 wave of the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey collected by the World Bank for China. The … in China increases by 1.76% while real income in the rest of the world falls by 0.59%. …This paper presents a simple model of subsidies with export share requirements (ESR) in a heterogeneous firm …

instrument is worse from a welfare standpoint than a standard export subsidy, partly because it increases protection of the … domestic market. A counterfactual analysis suggests that eliminating these subsidies would result in a welfare gain for China …

We study the effect of subsidies subject to export share requirements (ESR) …

China has defied the declining trend in domestic content in exports in many countries. We study China’s rising domestic … content in exports using firm- and customs transaction-level data. Our approach embraces firm heterogeneity and hence reduces … aggregation bias. We find that the substitution of domestic for imported materials by individual processing exporters caused China …

industry. Using firm level data from China, we document that wholesalers play no such role for direct importers. However, other …

Latin American countries have lost competitiveness in world markets in comparison to China over the last two decades …, price levels (in PPP), and real exchange rates in relative terms. Due to data restrictions, China's relative exports (to the … US, Argentina, Japan, Korea, UK, Germany, and Spain) will be compared to Mexico's exports for a number of sectors over a …

interest is the difference in matched partner trade statistics, i.e., the extent to which the recorded export value in the … the world's five largest importers for the period from 2002-2006, we find that the reporting gaps are highly correlated …

exports are no longer significant while the value of subsoil assets has a significant positive effect on growth. But the World … corrects for endogeneity of resource exports and allows resource abundance affect growth. Their results show that resource … restrictions and misspecification error. Correcting for these issues and instrumenting resource exports with values of proven …