policies unilaterally, innovation is fostered, at the margin, only by the R&D subsidy. The patent box tax rate is instead …

domestic and foreign production of other goods. The optimal tax-subsidy scheme is based on an intuitive principle: Impose a …. Producers of renewables-based electricity should receive a subsidy to internalize their contribution to the reduction of global …

-best outcomes. We also show there exists a range of subsidy rates that are welfare-enhancing when greenhouse gas externalities are …

We estimate the causal effects of a pandemic-era wage subsidy program in Canada on job losses and business closures … changes in the wage subsidy rate. The estimated net wage elasticity of employment was 0.11, implying a small aggregate … employment effect of the program and an estimated fiscal cost per job saved of nearly $200,000 per year. Subsidy payments caused …

-shot hiring subsidy targeted at low-educated unemployed youths during the Great Recession recovery in Belgium. The subsidy …