international trade and can be destructive; however, once a winner is declared, arming is unnecessary in future periods. By contrast …, a peaceful resolution avoids destruction and supports mutually advantageous trade; yet, settlements must be renegotiated … initial distribution of resource endowments, greater gains from trade can reduce arming and pacify international tensions …

This paper sets up a model of trade, in which two countries with differing levels of technology specialize in the … scope for a deep trade agreement that conditions tariff reductions on institutional quality improvements and is beneficial …

This paper provides a quantitative analysis of the new EU-Japan free trade agreement (FTA), the biggest bilateral deal …, featuring multiple sectors, input-output linkages, services trade, and non-tariff barriers (NTBs). It uses the results of an …

work in reorienting global trade prior to the outbreak of World War II? And what lessons may this particular historical … China- and US-centric trade blocs …What precisely were the causes and consequences of the trade wars in the 1930s? Were there perhaps deeper forces at …

In a three-country model of endogenous trade agreements, we study the implications of the Most Favored Nation Clause … (MFN) when countries are free to form discriminatory preferential trade agreements (PTAs). While PTA members discriminate … reduces the potency of a country's optimal tariffs and therefore its incentive for unilaterally opting out of trade …

While traditional empirical models using determinants like size and trade costs are able to predict RTA formation …

overcapacities have weakened China's bargaining position in the US-Chinese trade conflict and have tempted the Chinese authorities to …For a long time, China's impressive growth performance has been driven by investment and high productivity gains. Based … on the recent discussion on possible overcapacities and overinvestment in China, the paper investigates the …

A growing share of modern trade policy instruments is shaped by non-tariff barriers (NTBs). Based on a structural … gravity equation and the recently updated Global Trade Alert database, we empirically investigate the effect of NTBs on … imports. Our analysis reveals that the implementation of NTBs reduces imports of affected products by up to 12%. Their trade …

During the last decades, the United States has applied increasingly high trade protection against China. We combine … detailed information on US antidumping (AD) duties — the most widely used trade barrier — with US input-output data to study … the effects of trade protection along supply chains. To deal with endogeneity concerns, we propose a new instrument for AD …

escalation between the US, China, the European Union (EU) and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) countries to answer … response face a trade-off between maximizing political targeting and mitigating domestic economic harm? We use the recent trade … these questions. We find substantial evidence that retaliation was directly targeted to areas that swung to Donald Trump in …