period of coverage from 1950-2019 to 1950-2022, which includes two special periods – COVID-19 and the war between Russia and … trade. We also obtain estimates of the effects on trade of the 2014 sanctions on Russia …

estimate the impact on firm performance from smart sanctions deployed by the U.S. and EU against Russia beginning in 2014. We …

unexplored. We draw on both longitudinal and pseudo-panel data from Russia to explore how labor market hardships relate to …

panel difference-in-differences estimations and an event study design. Motivated by the claim that China and Russia … purposefully undermine US sanction efforts, we test whether target countries’ trade with China and Russia increases under US trade … sanctions. We find no evidence for systematic sanction busting. Russia does not change its trade patterns with sanctioned …

This paper uses a survey among students at European universities to explore whether Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has … affected attitudes toward European integration. Some respondents completed the survey just before Russia’s assault on February …