inclusive green growth (IGG) relationship in Africa. Based on macro data for 22 African countries and the Driscoll …-Kraay standard errors with fixed effects instrumental variable regression, the following findings are established. First, Africa … threshold analysis suggests that by improving Africa’s mostly unfree economic architecture to 60% (moderately free) or 80% (free …

with the literature arguing that greater trade openness would unequivocally lead to higher growth in Africa. …

Recycling waste from used goods can substitute for scarce raw materials and reduce resource dependence. This paper … presents a model of waste collection, recycling and final goods production using raw and recycled materials. Non-recycled waste … recycling firms to compensate for the savings in disposal costs. We study trade between resource poor economies exporting final …

Africa’s interior-to-coast roads are well suited to export natural resources, but not to support regional trade. Are … investigate the political determinants of road paving in West Africa across the 1965-2012 period. Controlling for geography and … networks expanded in a less interior-to-coast way in periods of democracy. This result suggests that Africa’s interior …

The importance of the prehistoric migration of anatomically modern humans from Africa for comparative economic …